以进养出试行办法(附英文)(已失效)
国务院
以进养出试行办法(附英文)
1979年3月26日，国务院
为了实现新时期的总任务，把工作的着重点转移到社会主义现代化建设上来，对外贸易要有一个大的发展。要引进新技术，进口成套设备，必须大量地增加出口。各有关部门和各地区，要千方百计地发展出口商品生产，在充分挖掘国内出口货源潜力的同时，积极利用国外原材料和技术，发挥国内生产能力，大力发展以进养出业务，把出口贸易做大做活，增加外汇收入，增强国家的外汇支付能力。
一、以进养出的范围：
（一）进料加工，包括进口全部原材料或主要原材料，加工成品出口；
（二）进口主件或配件，加工装配产品出口，如进口船用主机或船用仪器装配船舶出口；
（三）以国产原材料为主，进口辅助材料，加工成品出口；
（四）进口饲料、肥料、种子、种畜等，养殖、种植农副土特畜产品出口，以及用进口商品，调换国内农副土特产品出口。
二、现在由国内供应出口商品用的原料、材料和辅料，要按现行物资供应渠道继续保证供应，不得减少或中断，凡国内能增加供应的，应减少进口或不进口。实行以进养出后，各部门、各地区现在供应出口的商品，应随着生产的发展，保持出口的正常增长。
三、以进养出的商品，应当是国际市场适销，创汇率合算，产品质量符合出口要求，国内有生产能力，燃料、电力供应有保证。
四、以进养出需要的外汇，纳入国家进口用汇计划，由外贸部统一掌握使用。具体业务主要由各进出口总公司负责组织进行。各省、自治区、直辖市外贸局对以进养出外汇的使用和业务执行情况要进行监督检查。以进养出的商品需要使用银行外汇贷款时，按短期外汇贷款办法办理。对国外商人来料加工的原材料、辅料和其它物资，不论是否互开信用证，只要实际不用外汇支付的，均不应算作以进养出。
五、以进养出的商品，经外贸部门同有关地区或部门协商，纳入国家生产计划和外贸计划，并逐步实行计划单列，材料直拨，定点生产，以销定产。在保证完成国家计划的前提下，如生产尚有潜力，国外有销路，能及时出口的产品，可在计划外增加安排以进养出，由省、自治区、直辖市外贸局负责组织进行，所需外汇由外贸部专门拨给。
六、以进养出的进口物资和出口产品，不参加国内的平衡分配，逐步做到进口物资由外贸公司直拨生产单位，产品由生产单位直供外贸公司收购出口。
七、以进养出的产品，要择优安排生产。工业品要选择条件比较好的工厂定点生产。农副土特产品要因地制宜划片生产。定点和划片都要相对稳定。
八、根据军民结合、平战结合的原则，要积极发挥军工企业的生产潜力，发展以进养出商品的生产。军工企业生产供应出口产品的价格，要与民用企业的出口产品实行同质同价。
九、以进养出的工业品，外贸公司同生产或供货单位，应签订经济合同或协议，规定各自承担的义务。任何一方不按合同或协议执行而造成的损失，要承担经济赔偿的责任。
十、以进养出的农副土特畜产品，在安排进口饲料、肥料、种子、种畜等的同时，外贸公司同生产或供货单位，应商定增加供应出口商品的品种、数量、规格质量和交货时间。
十一、以进养出的工业品，外贸公司同生产或供货单位，要商定供应出口产品的合格率，原材料、辅料的消耗定额和交货时间。对于产品合格率低，质量没有保证，原材料消耗多，生产成本高的生产企业，不要安排以进养出。
十二、以进养出商品的创汇，要逐项进行核算，出口成品创汇率一般应掌握在百分之三十至五十以上。生产技术工艺比较复杂的产品，创汇率要高一些；生产技术工艺比较简单的产品，创汇率可低一些，但最低不得少于百分之三十。
十三、承担以进养出的生产企业（包括国营农场），要努力做到按时、按质、按量完成生产和供货任务。由于生产某些批量小、花色品种复杂、交货期短的出口产品，如果影响企业的正常利润，经外贸部门和有关部门商定，可由外贸公司给予必要的价外补贴。
十四、以进养出所需进口物资的国内人民币作价，原则上按照现行进口作价办法办理。对以进养出中由于进口原辅料国内调拨价格或利润、税率偏高而使出口成品外贸亏损大的少数品种，只要国际市场好销，创汇率合算，经过批准，可采用外贸部门代理进口只收手续费，或免征关税、工商税的办法处理。生产、供货单位供应出口的产品，应按外贸进口原辅料实际拨交的价格计算成本。
十五、以进养出商品的外汇留成按国家统一规定的留成办法办理。
各地区、各有关部门及外贸公司、生产企业单位对以进养出的业务活动，要建立专项登记和统计，加强经济核算，保证有关业务凭证、原始记录的完整。
十六、进行以进养出的生产或供货单位，经营好、创汇多，工资、奖金和福利可以多给一些。粗制滥造、克扣进口物资和私分产品的，要追究责任，严肃处理。
十七、对以进养出的生产或供货单位，外货公司应随时提供国外先进产品的样本、样品和技术资料，吸收生产或供货单位的人员参加对外谈判，有计划地组织出国考察和邀请外商进行技术交流。
十八、对以进养出的工作，各地区、各有关部门要加强领导，积极组织进行，并解决生产、供货中存在的问题。生产、供货部门和外贸部门要及时总结经验，推动这项工作不断发展。
TRIAL MEASURES CONCERNING THE PROMOTION OF EXPORTS BY IMPORTATION
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
TRIAL MEASURES CONCERNING THE PROMOTION OF EXPORTS BY IMPORTATION
(Approved and promulgated by the State Council on March 26, 1979)
In order to carry out the general task of the new period and to shift the
focus of the work on to the track of socialist modernization, foreign
trade should be greatly expanded and developed. Exports must be greatly
increased for the purpose of introducing new technology and importing
equipment in complete sets. All departments concerned and all regions
should try their best and use every possible means to develop the
production of export commodities; while tapping fully the domestic
potentials for increasing the sources of export commodities, raw materials
and technology from abroad should be utilized fully so as to bring into
full play the domestic production capacity, to devote major efforts to the
promotion of exports by importation and to expand export trade extensively
and in a flexible way, thus increasing foreign exchange earnings, and
strengthening the country's paying capability in foreign exchange.
1. The scope of promoting exports through importation:
(1) to import materials for processing, including the importation of all
raw and semifinished materials or key raw and semifinished materials, and
to process them into finished products for export;
(2) to import main component parts or fittings, and to process and
assemble them into finished products for export; for example, to import
ships' main engines or instruments for assembling vessels for export;
(3) to mainly use home-produced raw and semifinished materials, and import
auxiliary materials, then to process them into finished products for
export; and (4) to import animal feeds, fertilizers, seeds, and breeding
stocks, and to use them in growing and breeding occupations, then to use
the animal, farm, and side-line products and local specialties for export;
or to exchange imported commodities for home-produced farm and side-line
products and local specialties, and to use them for export.
2. With respect to the raw, semifinished and auxiliary materials now
supplied domestically for the production of export commodities, such
supplies shall be guaranteed through the current supplying channel of
materials and shall not be reduced or cut; the materials which can be
supplied domestically shall not be imported or their importation shall be
reduced. After the implementation of the policy of promoting exports by
imports, various departments and areas, which are at present supplying
commodities for export, shall maintain a normal increase in export with
the development of production.
3. The commodities manufactured under the policy of promoting exports by
importation, shall be marketable on the international market;
profitable in earning foreign exchange; up to the quality standards for
export; and can be manufactured domestically with a guarantee for the
supply of fuels and power.
4. The amount of foreign exchange needed for carrying out the policy of
promoting exports by importation shall be included in the state plan for
the allocation of foreign exchange for imports, which shall be executed
solely by the Ministry of Foreign Trade. The specific business operations
shall be organized by the head offices of various national import and
export corporations. The bureaus of foreign trade of various provinces,
autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central
Government shall be responsible for supervising and examining the use of
foreign exchange for promoting exports by importation and the situation of
business operations. Where bank loans in foreign exchange are needed for
commodities for promoting exports by importation, the case shall be
handled in accordance with the measures for granting short-term foreign
exchange loans. With respect to the raw and semifinished materials,
auxiliary materials and other materials supplied by businessmen abroad for
processing on the basis of materials supplied, no matter letters of credit
are mutually opened or not, so long as the payment is not actually
effected in foreign exchange, the aforesaid materials shall not be counted
as the materials used for promoting exports by importation.
5. The commodities for promoting exports by importation shall, after
consultation made by the foreign trade departments with the relevant
regions or departments, be included in the state plans for production and
for foreign trade, and the following principles shall be implemented step
by step; separate plans; direct allocation of materials; production at
designated units and production quota fixed according to sales conditions.
On the condition that the fulfillment of the state plan is guaranteed, if
there still exist production potentials and products marketable on the
international market can be timely exported, then arrangements may be made
for extra exports for promoting exports by importation beyond the plans,
and the foreign trade bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions, or
municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible
for organizing this matter; the foreign exchange needed for the production
shall be allotted specially by the Ministry of Foreign Trade.
6. The materials imported, and the products exported for promoting exports
by importation, shall not be included in the domestic scheme for balanced
distribution; imported materials shall, step by step, be allocated
directly by foreign trade companies to production units, and the products
shall be supplied directly by the production units to foreign trade
companies which shall purchase the products for export.
7. The production of products for promoting exports by importation shall
be arranged on the basis of good quality. For the manufacture of
industrial commodities, only factories with better production conditions
shall be designated specially for the said purpose. With respect to farm
and side-line products and local specialities, the production shall be
developed in the light of local conditions with tracts of land assigned
for the purpose. The aforesaid designation of factories and division of
arable land shall remain relatively stable.
8. In accordance with the principle of "integration of military production
and civil production" and "integration of production in peacetime and that
in wartime", it is imperative to tap the productive potentials of the
military industrial enterprises, and to made full use of these military
industrial enterprises in promoting the production of export commodities
for promoting exports by importation. The prices of export commodities
manufactured by the military industrial enterprises shall be fixed
according to the principle of "same quality, same price" as the export
commodities manufactured by civil enterprises.
9. With respect to industrial commodities for promoting exports by
importation, the foreign trade company and the production or supplying
unit shall conclude and sign an economic contract or agreement, in which
are stipulated their respective obligations. In the event that either of
the two parties fails to execute the said contract or agreement, which
consequently has given rise to economic losses, the violator shall be
liable for compensating for the economic losses.
10. With respect to the farm and side-line products, livestock products
and local specialties for promoting exports by importation, while
arrangements are being made for the importation of animal feeds,
fertilizers, seeds and breeding stocks, the foreign trade company and the
production or supplying unit shall reach an agreement through consultation
concerning the increase of varieties and quantity, the specifications and
quality of the commodities they supply for export, as well as the time for
delivery.
11. With respect to the industrial products for promoting exports by
importation, the foreign trade company and the production or supplying
unit shall reach an agreement through consultation concerning the rate of
quality products for export, the rating for the consumption of raw,
semifinished, and auxiliary materials, and the time for delivery.
Those production enterprises, whose rate of quality products for export is
low, thus unable to guarantee the quality of their products, and whose
consumption of raw and semifinished materials and production costs are
high, are not eligible to be engaged in "promoting exports by
importation".
12. With respect to the earnings of foreign exchange from commodities for
promoting exports by importation, business accounting shall be carried out
item by item, and the rate of foreign exchange earnings from exporting
finished goods should generally be controlled at the rate from 30% to 50%
or higher. The rate of foreign exchange earnings from products that call
for more sophisticated production technology shall be higher, while the
rate of foreign exchange earnings from products that are turned out with
simpler production technology shall be lower, but it shall not be lower
than 30%.
13. Production enterprises (including state-run farms) that engage in
promoting exports by importation shall try their best to fulfil their
production tasks on time with the required quality and quantity and
deliver their goods on schedule. In the event that a production enterprise
undertakes the task of manufacturing a particular item of export product
in small quantity, with complicated designs and varieties and a very short
time limit for delivery, and consequently suffers a loss in its normal
profit earnings, the foreign trade company shall make compensation for
this by giving the production enterprise a necessary subsidy not included
in the calculated purchasing prices after the foreign trade department and
the relevant departments have reached an agreement through consultation.
14. The making of prices in Renminbi within the country for the imported
goods and materials needed for promoting exports by importation shall, in
principle, be handled in accordance with the current measures for making
prices for imported goods. With respect to a few varieties of export goods
included in promoting exports by importation, which, as a consequence of
the high domestic appropriation prices of imported raw and auxiliary
materials or the high profit and tax rates, give rise to great losses in
exporting such finished goods, so long as the aforesaid varieties of goods
sell well on the international market and the rate of earnings in foreign
exchange is acceptable, they may, with approval, be imported through
agency by the foreign trade department and only service fees shall be
charged or Customs duty/consolidated industrial and commercial tax be
exempted from. The products supplied by production or supplying units for
export shall calculate the production costs in accordance with the actual
appropriation price of the said raw and auxiliary materials imported
through the foreign trade channel.
15. With respect to the retention quota of foreign exchange earnings from
the commodities for promoting exports by importation, the case shall be
handled in accordance with the retention measures prescribed uniformly by
the State. With respect to the business activities carried out for
promoting exports by importation, all regions and areas, all departments
concerned, as well as foreign trade companies and production enterprises,
shall set up special register and compile statistics for the said business
activities, strengthen the cost check-up and accounting, and guarantee the
completeness of all business vouchers and original records.
16. With respect to those production or supplying units engaged in
promoting exports by importation, which maintain better business
performance and higher foreign exchange earnings, higher pay, more bonuses
and welfare allowances may be allowed. As to those production or supplying
units which turn out poor quality products, embezzle imported goods and
materials, and plot to share among themselves the products, an
investigation shall be made into their illegal acts, and their cases shall
be dealt with seriously.
17. To the production or supplying units engaged in promoting exports by
importation, the foreign trade companies should, at any time, provide the
aforesaid production or supplying units with specimens and samples of
foreign advanced products as well as relevant technical data, invite the
personnel from the production or supplying units to participate in
business talks with foreign companies or businessmen, organize, according
to plan, study groups to carry out investigations abroad, and invite
foreign businessmen for technical exchange.
18. All regions and areas, and all departments concerned, should
strengthen the leadership of the work concerning the production of export
commodities for promoting exports by importation, enthusiastically
organize the implementation, and solve the problems arising in production
and supply of goods. The production and supplying units and foreign trade
departments should sum up, in good time, their experience so as to push
forward the steady development of this work.
阜新市规范性文件制发管理办法
辽宁省阜新市人民政府
阜新市人民政府令第88号
《阜新市规范性文件制发管理办法》已经2010年10月25日第14届阜新市人民政府第二十八次常务会议讨论通过，现予发布实施。
市 长 潘利国
二○一○年十一月四日
阜新市规范性文件制发管理办法
第一章 总 则
第一条 为规范制发规范性文件程序，保证规范性文件制发质量，提高行政工作效率和依法行政水平，结合我市实际，制定本办法。
第二条 本办法所称的规范性文件，是指市政府组织制定的，涉及公民、法人和其他组织权利、义务，在一定时期内反复适用，具有普遍约束力的行政性文件。
第三条 规范性文件的名称一般可称办法、实施细则、实施办法等。
第四条 规范性文件制定，遵循权限和程序合法，权力与责任统一，保障公民、法人和其他组织合法权益，精简效能的原则。
第五条 市政府制定规范性文件的范围：
（一）法律、法规、规章授权或要求市政府制定规范性文件的，制定办法；
（二）为执行法律、法规、规章，根据工作实际需要制定规范性文件的，制定实施办法或实施细则；
（三）法律、法规、规章尚未作出具体规定，根据法律、法规、规章的精神和本辖区行政管理工作的实际，需要制定规范性文件的，制定暂行（试行）办法。
第六条 市政府法制办公室负责规范性文件制发的监督、指导和管理工作。
第二章 立 项
第七条 市政府法制办公室应根据促进经济发展、加强社会管理和完善公共服务的需要，编制规范性文件年度计划。
市人民政府各部门，应根据需要于每年十一月底前向本级人民政府提出制定规范性文件的建议。建议应包括规范性文件的名称、制定的目的和依据、负责起草的单位、拟发布日期等内容。
第八条 市政府法制办公室应当对各部门制定规范性文件的建议进行通盘研究，综合协调，并拟定规范性文件的年度计划立项草案，报市政府审定。
第九条 市政府所确定的规范性文件年度计划，由市政府法制办公室负责组织实施。在执行过程中，可以根据形势发展需要，对计划作适当调整。
有关部门需要增加或者撤销已列入计划的规范性文件项目，应提出书面报告，说明理由，经市政府法制办公室审查同意，报请市政府领导批准后，作适当调整。
第三章 起 草
第十条 规范性文件可由负责实施的职能部门组织起草，也可由市政府法制办公室负责组织起草。
第十一条 起草规范性文件，应当对制定的必要性和可行性进行研究，并对规范性文件所要解决的问题、拟确立的主要制度或拟规定的主要措施进行调研、论证，依法科学合理的规定公民、法人和其他组织的权利与义务，行政机关的权力与责任。
法律、法规、规章和上级行政机关的规范性文件已明确规定的内容，规范性文件原则上不作重复规定。
第十二条 起草规范性文件，应当听取公民、法人和其他组织的意见。涉及重大事项或者关系群众切身利益的规范性文件应当召开座谈会、论证会、听证会或通过《阜新日报》、政府网站登载规范性文件草案等方式广泛征求意见。
规范性文件内容涉及多个部门职责或者与多个部门联系紧密的，起草部门应当征求相关部门意见。
第十三条 公民、法人和其他组织对规范性文件草案内容提出的意见和建议，起草部门应当研究处理，并在起草说明中予以载明。
有关部门对规范性文件草案内容有重大分歧的，起草部门应当进行协调；经协调不能达成一致意见的，起草部门应当将协调情况和处理建议在起草说明中予以载明。
第十四条 规范性文件讨论稿经修改，形成送审稿后，以部门文件形式报送市政府法制办公室。
几个部门联合起草的，应当经相关部门会签，然后由牵头起草部门报送。
第四章 审 核
第十五条 规范性文件草案送审稿，由市政府法制办公室负责审核。
第十六条 起草部门向市政府法制办公室报送送审稿时，应当一并提供下列材料：
（一）规范性文件起草说明；
（二）规范性文件所依据的法律、法规、规章以及上级行政机关的规范性文件；
（三）征求意见的有关材料；
（四）其他有关材料。
第十七条 市政府法制办公室对规范性文件的送审稿的下列内容进行审核：
（一）是否符合报送要求；
（二）是否具有必要性和可行性；
（三）具体规定是否合法、适当；
（四）是否征求了相关部门、组织和管理相对人的意见；
（五）是否对重大分歧意见进行了协调和处理；
（六）其他需要审核的内容。
市政府法制办公室对规范性文件送审稿的审核，需要有关单位作出说明、提供依据、协助工作的，有关单位应当积极配合，并在规定期限内予以答复和办理。
第十八条 对起草部门报送的规范性文件送审稿，市政府法制办公室应当进行修改、完善，并对重大分歧意见进行协调，不能形成一致意见的，报请市政府决定。
第十九条 规范性文件草案送审稿有下列情形之一的，市政府法制办公室可以缓办或者将其退回起草部门：
（一）报送送审稿一并提供的材料不符合本办法第十六条规定的；
（二）制定规范性文件的基本条件尚不成熟的；
（三）有关部门对规范性文件草案送审稿的主要内容存在重大分歧，需要进行协调的。
第五章 批准与发布
第二十条 规范性文件草案送审稿经市政府法制办公室审核符合规定的，提请市政府常务会议审议决定。未经市政府法制办公室审核的规范性文件送审稿不得提交审议。
第二十一条 列入市政府常务会议审议的规范性文件草案，由起草部门的主要负责人向会议作规范性文件起草说明，所涉及的部门负责人列席会议。
市政府法制办公室负责人到会作审核、协调情况的说明。
第二十二条 经市政府常务会议讨论并原则通过的规范性文件草案，由市政府法制办公室会同起草部门，按市政府常务会议讨论的意见进行修改后，由市长签署政府令予以发布。
第二十三条 规范性文件颁布实施后，应当在政府官方网站、部门网站或市内主要媒体予以公布，未经公布的规范性文件不得作为行政管理的依据。
第二十四条 规范性文件发布一个月内，负责实施的部门应当制定贯彻执行方案；实施一年后的三个月内，要向本级人民政府报告贯彻执行情况。
第六章 备 案
第二十五条 规范性文件发布后的三十日内向省人民政府和市人大常委会备案。
第二十六条 对省人民政府和市人大常委会在备案审查中提出异议的规范性文件，按本办法规定的程序进行修改或者撤销。
第七章 清 理
第二十七条 市政府法制办公室每2年要对规范性文件进行一次常规清理。有下列情形之一的，应随时进行清理：
（一）新的法律、法规施行，上级行政机关要求对规范性文件进行清理的；
（二）制定机关发现规范性文件存在重大问题的；
（三）制定机关认为规范性文件不适应发展需要的。
第二十八条 规范性文件的清理，按以下原则分类处理：
（一）符合法律、法规、规章及党和国家政策，在社会生活中仍具有调整作用的，为继续适用类；
（二）无原则错误，但有具体、局部缺陷的，为应补充修改类；
（三）与法律、法规、规章及党和国家政策有抵触的，不适应当前发展需要的，为应废止类。
第二十九条 规范性文件应当规定有效期。未规定有效期的，有效期最长为5年，标注“暂行”、“试行”的，有效期不超过2年。有效期满，规范性文件自动失效。
规范性文件有效期满后需要继续实施的，有关部门应当在有效期届满前6个月内对文件的实施情况进行评估，认为需要继续施行的，应当重新公布；需要修改的，按制定程序办理。
第八章 附 则
第三十条 规范性文件的解释，除条文中授权主管部门负责解释外，一律由市政府法制办公室负责解释。
第三十一条 各县（区）人民政府、市政府各部门可参照本办法，制定本地区、本部门的规范性文件制发的相关规定。
第三十二条 本办法由市政府法制办公室负责解释。
第三十三条 本办法自发布之日起实施。1998年3月5日阜新市人民政府办公室印发的《阜新市地方规范性文件制发办法》（阜政发〔1998〕6号）同时废止。
